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Glossary of Dog Terms

Dog Terms to Know

As you search for your newest addition, you're going to run into some terms that are unfamiliar.  Here's a look at what some of them mean.

Show vs Pet Quality

Frequently you'll hear reputable breeders talk about requiring their pet quality puppies to be spayed or neutered.  The difference between a pet quality puppy and a show quality puppy can be as little a matter of millimeters.  

A show quality puppy is one who shows promise for meeting (or coming excruciatingly close to) the breed standard.  Show quality is striving for perfection.  In ear set, eye shape and set, tail set, coat quality and color all are measured against the ideal or breed standard.  

A pet quality puppy from a reputable breeder will make a fine pet and may look no different to the uneducated puppy buyer than a show quality puppy.  The trained breeder will see:

  • crooked teeth or a "bad" bite
  • ears that are too small or too tall
  • a head which is too narrow or wide
  • a skull that is too flat or too rounded
  • improper markings
  • unacceptable color
  • improper eye or nose color
  • improper eye or nose placement 

None of the above characteristics will inhibit in any way your puppy's ability to love you, learn from you and give you his complete devotion. However, the dog does deviate from the breed standard.  This means this dog should not be bred for he/she will pass these traits to his/her offspring.  Rottweilers should look like Rottweilers and there should never be any confusion between a Rottweiler and a Doberman.  

One word of caution is due here.  Don't let a breeder show you a sickly, odd-looking puppy and call it a "pet quality". 

Also, don't think that just because you want a "pet" that it's parents don't need to have had all the testing for genetic faults common in the breed.   You want a QUALITY pet, which means one that has been carefully bred and whose dam and sire were chosen for health, temperament and coming as close as possibly to the breed standard. 

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Breed Standard

Each breed has a written standard of perfection which is called the breed standard.  It describes the perfect dog of that breed.  It specifies in great detail the dog's physical appearance, attributes and the dog's temperament.  The AKC's website lists the breed standard for each breed the organization recognizes.  Dogs shown in the conformation ring are judged against the breed standard "ideal". 

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Pedigree

Do not be fooled by this term.  A pedigree is nothing more than a dog's family tree on paper.  All AKC registered dogs have them. Your mixed breed dog can have one too, just type in three or four generations in family tree fashion onto a piece of paper and VIOLA!  You have your dog's pedigree.  Some pedigrees go back three, others four generations.  The AKC charges just $12 for a pedigree.   It is not the mark of a quality puppy, and any breeder who touts it as such is not a quality breeder.

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